A few days ago, I presented a session at Oracle OpenWorld 2014 about the most useful features for application developers in Oracle Database 12c (12.1.0.1 and 12.1.0.2).
The main topics I demonstrated were JSON, Flashback, Temporal Validity, Match Recognize (pattern matching), In Line PL/SQL and the SQL Translation (Profiles) Framework.
The slides for this session can be downloaded from the OOW Content Catalog as well as from SlideShare: http://www.slideshare.net/lucasjellema/everything-thatisreallyusefulinoracledatabase12cforapplicationdevelopers-oow2014.
The sources for the scripts I used in this session are available from this GitHub repository: https://github.com/lucasjellema/OracleDatabase12c-development-demonstration.